判断题1正确语言的任意性的一个好例证是单词“dog”和动物“狗”之间的关系2正确这是关于语音学和音系学的区别3正确Similar to Saussure， Chomsky thinks what linguists should study is the ideal speaker’s competence， and the task of linguists is to discover。
syntax the grammatical arrangement of words in sentences 单词在句子中的语法作用 grammar studies of the formation of basic linguistic units 对语言学基础单元构成的研究 句法研究的是句子的组成部分和它们的排列顺序 研究词组和句子的构成，句子成分和句子类型等内容比如，陈述句疑问句倒装句。
试着也来讨论 语言学中 langue and parole， competence and performance， linguistics potential and actual linguistic behaviour 每组的区别 1 langue n 语语言与parole言语相对La langue denotes the abstract systematic principles of a language， without which no meaningful utterance parole。
a fact about linguistic competence， in actual behavior there are lapses of memory and mistakes， and we would eventually have to stop constructing a longer sentence in order to eat and sleep These are facts about linguistic performance我也在做这道题，这是网上找来的solutions。
意大利的语言学家Mauro曾言，达尔文把科学的态度描绘成怀疑主义和大胆设想的一种适度的结合每一个论点，哪怕是人们最能够接受的，也还是当作一个假设来看待而每一个假设，哪怕是最奇特的，也被看作一种可能成立的论点，并有可能加以证实和发展索绪尔把这种态度体现在语言学当中这也许和他早年接。
DescriptivePrescriptiveanddescriptiverepresenttwodifferenttypesoflinguisticstudyIfalinguisticstudyaimstodescribeandanalyzethelanguagepeopleactuallyuse，itissaidtobedescriptivecompetenceChomskydefinescompetenceastheidealuser’sknowledgeoftherulesofhislanguagePerformanceChomskydefinesperformancetheactualrealization。
the efficiency of the whole process might benefit if these criteria were applied in an early stage， integrated with the strictly syntactic rules This would amount to an integrated implementation of competence and performancenotionsBut we can also go one step further， and fundamentall。
